Antennas and propagation slide 3 chapter 4 5 antenna arrays 2 diversity redundant signals on multiple antennas reduce effects due to channel fading spatial multiplexing mimo. It is well known that when a required antenna gain is given at a particular frequency, the antenna aperture size is more or less. Deployable reflectarray antenna structure mma design, llc. The suggested antenna is marked by its easy manufacture and small depth. Index termsreflectarray, linear polarization, high efficiency, 3db bandwidth, incident field. They are often used in the vhf and uhf frequency bands. Pdf a wideband reflectarray antenna based on organic. Reflectarray antennas john huang, jose antonio encinar. Reflectarray antenna is a type of antenna that consists of a flat array of periodic elements on grounded substrate that produces a progressive phase shift when illuminated by a primary source pozar et al, 1997. Finally, a very special acknowledgement is due to the guest editors and colleagues, raphael gillard and manuel arrebola, for their precious cooperation, and to the editorial board of the international journal of antennas and propagation, who has made possible the publication of this special issue. Phase characteristics of subwavelength antenna elements for efficient design of terahertz frequency and millimeter wave metasurfaces richard j.
Printed reflectarrays combine certain advantages of reflector antennas and phased arrays. Reflector antennas national radio astronomy observatory. The main reflectarray emulates a parabolic reflector and the beam scanning is achieved by introducing a phasecontrol into the elements of the subreflectarray. The distance travelled by the radiated waves to the noncentered patches is more as compared to the center patch 12. It consists of a spacefeeding primary source and an array of reflecting elements with individually predesigned phases to collimate or shape the highgain beam in the desired direction. Gain and bandwidth characterizations of reflectarray antennas. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Design of dualreflectarray antenna for beam scanning. One major hurdle in the designing of reflectarrays is the compensation of phase difference between various elements. Design and demonstration of an electronically scanned reflectarray antenna at 100 ghz using multiresonant cells based on liquid crystals gerardo perezpalomino, mariano barba, jose.
A reflectarray is a relatively new type of antenna fabricated from standard printed circuit boards with an array of square copper patches etched on them. This conception was first proposed in 1960s 1, waveguides with different lengths were used to provide different phase. Once the reflectarray element has been defined and characterized, the reflectarray antenna must be designed to produce a given focussed or shaped beam. Advances in scanning reflectarray antennas based on ferroelectric thin film phase shifters for deep space communications robert r. Phase characteristics of subwavelength antenna elements. Once the antenna geometry is defined, the phase shift distribution to be implemented on the reflectarray is obtained at a given working frequency. But, unlike the reflector, which has infinite bandwidth due to its curved surface, it has a narrow bandwidth due to a planar surface. The authors describe, in detail, design procedures for a wide range of applications, including broadband, multiband, multibeam, contourbeam, beamscanning, and conformal reflectarray antennas.
A high efficiency reflectarray antenna design based on. Now, written by two experts in the field, reflectarray antennas offers complete coverage of this important, timely subject. An enabling technology for nasas dualfrequency ace radar. Ipn progress report 42149 may 15, 2002 design and development of an in. Reconfigurable reflectarray design using slots embedded patch elements. Since arrays of dipoles are impractical at wavelengths o m or so, most. The antenna configuration presents the simplicity of being implemented with two flat reflectarrays, it provides a compact optics and it can be easily folded and deployed. Describes the configuration and principles of a reflectarray antenna, its advantages over other antennas, the history of its development, analysis techniques, practical design procedures, bandwidth issues and wideband techniques, as well as applications and recent developments. Integrated solar array and reflectarray antenna or i anwit esats increasing cubesat downlink data rates to 100 mbps the integrated solar array and reflectarray antenna isara mission will demonstrate a reflectarray antenna that increases downlink data rates for cubesats from the existing baseline rate of 9. Also, for large apertures, a reflectarray in flat panels can be easier to. Reflectarray antenna has a high gain like parabolic reflectors. Design of dualreflectarray antenna for beam scanning ning performance, a phase is introduced into the sub reflectarray to emulate the optics corresponding to different virtual foci, associated to each beam direction, as own in. Lau jy, hum sv 2010 a planar reconfigurable aperture with lens and reflectarray modes of operation.
Guo department of physics xinjiang kashi teachers college kashi 844000, china. Racette, gerald heymsfield, lihua li nasa goddard space flight center gsfc greenbelt, md usa michael e. The configuration and principles of a reflectarray antenna, and its advantages over other antennas. A dualband reflectarray for x and kabands jpl kaband reflectarray design uses variable size patches to generate proper reflection phase patch size determined from scurve calculated using method of moments software developed by d. Paraboloidal reflector antennas and constrainedfed planar array antennas were for a long time the only options available to the designer to achieve such performance. Configuration of reflectarray antenna in 2d and 3d view 1. Nixonb asubmillimeterwave technology laboratory, university of massachusetts lowell, lowell, ma, usa 01854. Study of different dualreflectarray antenna configurations. Romanofsky national aeronautics and space administration glenn research center cleveland, ohio 445 abstract though there are a. Example 2 let us now consider a reflectarray antenna with its reflector parameters unchanged from example 1, but with a feed pattern described by q e q h 3, which means that its 3db beamwidths are. Pdf reflectarray antennas printed on convex surface. The main reflectarray emulates a parabolic reflector and the beam scanning is achieved by introducing a phasecontrol into the elements of the sub reflectarray. Reflector antennas paraboloidal reflectors antennas useful for radio astronomy at short wavelengths must have collecting areas much larger than the collecting area o4u of an isotropic antenna and much higher angular resolution than a short dipole provides. The patches collimate divergent rays from a small feed antenna into a focused beam, behaving much like a parabolic reflector.
A reflectarray antenna is the array antenna system that consists of a reflective aperture and feed antenna. However, over the past two decades the reflectarray antenna 1,2 has emerged as an alternative. Reflectarray antennas ras have the ability to combine the advantages of both traditional parabolic reflector and phased array antennas without the need for feed network designs. The reflectarray element is characterized in a unit cell.
In telecommunications and radar, a reflective array antenna is a class of directive antennas in which multiple driven elements are mounted in front of a flat surface designed to reflect the radio waves in a desired direction. Design and demonstration of an electronically scanned. Can anybody please tell me how can i simulate reflectarray using grasp ticra. Study of different dualreflectarray antenna configurations for beamscanning applications c. Analysis, design, fabrication, and measurement artech house antennas and propagation jafar shaker, mohammad reza chaharmir, jonathan ethier on. An enabling technology for nasas dualfrequency ace radar paul e. Reflect array antennas pdf passive and reconfigurable reflectarray antennas, mostly for space applications.
Beginning with an introduction to reflectarray antennas and an extensive overview of its history, the book goes on to explore. Hello friends, i am working on reflectarray antenna. Integrated solar array and reflectarray antenna or i anwit esats. It was first created to replace the parabolic reflector antenna. The wave is incident from plane i and the incident, scattered.
Design and development of an inflatable reflectarray antenna. Phase characterization of reconfigurable reflectarray antennas. Wideband reflectarray using compact coupled element and rectifying antenna combined with reflectarray. Integration design of high efficiency reflectarray and. In general, reflectarray is composed of a planar reflector and a primary source 4, i. Integrated solar array and reflectarray antenna or i anwit esats increasing cubesat downlink data rates to 100 mbps the integrated solar array and reflectarray antenna isara mission will demonstrate a reflectarray antenna that increases downlink data rates for. Reflectarray antenna with radar crosssection reduction. Romanofsky national aeronautics and space administration glenn research center cleveland, ohio 445 abstract though there are a few examples of scanning phased array. Shao institute of applied physics university of electronic science and technology of china chengdu 610054, china l. A major drawback of reflectarray antennas is that phase compensation needs to be done for the noncentered patches. Advances in scanning reflectarray antennas based on. Cooley, richard park, peter stenger northrop grumman electronic systems nges baltimore, md usa.
Arrebola3 1 german aeroespace center dlr, microwave and radar institute, oberpfaffenhofen, germany. Since the monopulse comparator is made by a waveguide, the antenna also endures to highpower. A microstrip reflectarray antenna element, in proceedings of the antenna applications symposium. Analysis and synthesis techniques a special issue journal published by hindawi reflectarrays have received great attention in recent years due to their capabilities to provide large aperture solutions with simple feeding mechanism. Wideband reflectarray using compact coupled element and. Integrated solar array and reflectarray antenna isara. A novel reflectorreflectarray antenna an enabling technology for nasas dualfrequency ace radar paul e.
The reflectarray is a novel type of highgain antennas, which combines some of favorable features of reflectors and arrays. A deployable reflectarray antenna structure comprising. Gain calculation is a primary step in designing a reflectarray antenna and it is defined as a product of. However, these used primary sources always have bulk sizes, and a transition between the antenna and planar circuits is. Microstrip reflectarray antenna for the scanscat radar. This approach greatly facilitates understanding of the working of the reflectarray antenna, and provides an intuitive explanation for the reflectarray behavior. Array theory approach versus aperture field approach payam nayeri, fan yang, and atef z. An antenna consisting of a feed and an array of reflecting elements arranged on a surface and adjusted so that the reflected waves from the individual elements combine to produce a prescribed secondary radiation pattern. A proper cp reflectarray element must highly suppress crosspolarized reflection with respect to the incident cp sense i. This paper presents the concept of reflectarray in a novel way, utilizing a graphical visualization tool. According to the standard, other accepted synonyms for this kind of antenna are. An intuitive explanation of reflection phase behavior harish rajagopalan and yahya rahmatsamii.
Integrated solar array and reflectarray antenna for high bandwidth cubesats. Describes the configuration and principles of a reflectarray antenna, its advantages over other antennas, the history of its development. Reflectarray antennas have attracted special attention for implementing high gain antennas as they combine some advantages of phased arrays and reflectors, such aslow losses, ease of manufacture in flat panels, low cross polarization and the possibility of an electronic control the beam. Phase characteristics of subwavelength antenna elements for. Based on the resultsshown in figure 3, it can be concluded that the dielectric anisotropy is directly proportional to the dynamic phase range and frequency tunability of reflectarray antenna. Study of different dual reflectarray antenna configurations for beamscanning applications c. Encinar, robert cahill, raymond dickie, paul baine and michael bain abstractthe design, fabrication and measured results are.
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